The Connective Lens

Ice is back, day 13: paint it cool

On the morning of day 13, the rink was finally ready to paint.

I arrived at the arena shortly after 9:00, when the crew was preparing to lay paint.  The paint that provides the nice bright white color comes in powder form to be mixed by the paint crew, as Dan and Tom are doing here.

Painting ice is much different than painting more typical surfaces like wood; instead of drying over a longer period of time, the paint freezes shortly after it’s applied.  When it’s frozen, it’s sealed with a thin layer of ice on top of it.

To cover the ice, it takes 300 gallons of white paint applied in three coats.  The crew used a small garden tractor to pull the paint sprayer, a clever device that looks and operates much like a very small crop sprayer.

Thanks to those three coats of paint, the ice gained its familiar white color and the room seemed considerably brighter.

With the white paint applied and sealed, it was time to add the hockey lines.  While it might be fun to freehand the lines, neither hockey players nor officials would appreciate crooked lines, so the crew put down string to ensure straight lines.

You may have noticed that the string has also been sealed with a layer of ice to make sure it doesn’t move.  This was accomplished with a small pump sprayer, as shown here in the hands of Dan.

The painting process itself is fairly pedestrian: it involves paint, a brush and a lot of work.

Of course, there are also a few circles necessary for a good game of hockey.  To create the proper circles, the crew cut string in the circles’ radii, attached them (one at a time, naturally) to a spike and drew the circles on the ice.

As the day progressed, the surface began to look more and more like a real sheet of hockey ice.

The center ice circle still looked bare, but that didn’t last long: that’s Tom standing next to the circle preparing to paint the arena’s name around the circle.

By 6:15 nearly all of the essential lines and circles were painted and sealed, leaving only the graphics to be added.

The graphic work occurred the morning of day 14, but a schedule conflict prevented me from being there to document the process.  That means the next day will show the considerably less exciting process of flooding the rink to add the last inch of ice on top of the paint.

Ice is back, day 12: there’s gonna be a floody, floody

Required reading: day 1; day 3; day 6; day 7; day 8; day 9; day 11

On day 12 the sand was frozen, which meant it was time to begin flooding to build the ice.  I arrived after the flooding began, and the difference was obvious thanks to the glossier surface.  (I would have said the difference was clear, but that would have been an offense worthy of severe pun-ishment.)

The gloss was provided by the first thin layer of ice on the frozen sand.

Like the rest of the replacement process, flooding was somewhat tedious and time-consuming; in order to build the ice gradually, the water is added with garden hoses, one thin layer at a time.

To minimize splashing, the hoses need to be kept close to the surface; since holding a hose at ground level for hours would be murder on the workers’ backs, they used a simple and wonderfully appropriate solution: they taped the hoses to hockey sticks.

The flooding continued until there was a base of ice suitable for painting.  And since I’m sure that’s what many of you really want to see, let me give you the good news: the next post — day 13 — will feature eight and a half hours’ worth of photos of the process of painting the ice.

Ice is back, day 11: she’s a cold-hearted rink

By day 11, the sand was thoroughly soaked and ready to be cold as ice.

Before the crew could start building ice, they had to prepare a hard base on which to build the ice; the sand, having been fully soaked, could now be frozen to provide that base.

You may note the flurry of activity on the hardening surface.  You may also note the sarcasm oozing from the strokes and counters of that sentence.  Do you remember how thrilling it was to watch the sand dry?  Watching the ice freeze was only slightly more thrilling.  But it was a warm June day outside, so it was nice to spend some time in a cold arena.

When you dump a bunch of water on the floor, you’re bound to end up with plenty of humidity in the room; that consequence can be seen not just by the fog in the above photo, but also by the view through the glass shown in the below photo.

Next up will be day 12, when the floodgates opened.

Ice is back, day 9: soak it to me soak it to me soak it to me

With the very large, very flat sandcastle complete, Tom brought out the sprinklers.

Sprinklers are typically used to help grow crops or grass or happy children on a hot day, but in this case they were being used to grow ice: the sand had to be thoroughly soaked before the crew could start building ice on the sand.

Next up is day 11, when a cold front moved through the arena.

Ice is back, day 8: a day at the beach

By day 8 the sand was dry enough to host a party, so arena employee Tom invited a few hardworking friends to build a very large, very flat sandcastle.

Building a sandcastle so large and so flat takes plenty of work, including bringing in the new sand…

…raking it out…

…and packing it down with a roller.

While all that hard work was happening, Tom also made sure to check the sand against the laser level to make sure all that work produced a flat surface.

Shortly after I took the above photo, Tom declared the sand base complete and packed up the level, leaving the rink ready for the next phase of the project.

That next phase will be day 9, when all that drying became a distant memory.

Ice is back, day 7: livin’ on the edge

Required reading: day 1; day 3; day 6

On day 7, the rink was thrilling spectators by…drying.  Ooooooh.  Aaaaaah.

Upon closer inspection, the rink wasn’t exactly as it was on day 6: the crew had added new sand to fill in the gap left where the base had pulled away from the boards.  On day 3 the edge looked like this:

But after the work on day 7, the edge looked like this:

The new sand had a much more vibrant red color than the old sand, making it easy to tell the old from the new.

The sand work didn’t begin in earnest until day 8, which is what you’ll see in the next post.

Ice is back, day 6: let’s don’t wait till the water runs dry

Required reading: day 1; day 3

By day 6, the ice had completely melted and the water was well on its way into the atmosphere.

Repair work on the sand had to wait until it dried out, so the problematic cracks in the sand were still spreading the ugly.

Since the sand had to wait, this was a perfect time to work on the cooling pipes hidden in the sand.

I didn’t take exact measurements, but the three pipes shown above span (very) roughly one foot.  In other words: there’s a lot of pipe below the ice.  The pipes carry antifreeze to keep the ice icy, and I’m sure the ostensible curiosity of using antifreeze to freeze water makes Alanis Morissette happy because it’s a lot like ten thousand spoons when all you need is a knife.

Along with patching those pesky cracks, re-leveling the sand was one of the other maintenance tasks to be undertaken while the ice was on vacation.  To make that task more exact, the crew made use of a construction laser level, which they set up while the sand was still drying.

The laser level will see action here in a couple days, but next will be day 7, when the first new sand was added to the rink.

Ice is back, day 3: I’ll stop the compressor and melt with you

Required reading: day 1

When last we left the rink, the ice was looking unusually textured, but it was still white; however, warm temperatures and relentless Zambonis have a way of making ice disappear.

The first picture shows a clear sign of progress: the Zambonis had started to remove the paint layer, thus providing a better look at the sand below the ice.  Most of the sand was visible only through a layer of ice, but in a few places around the rink the ice had melted away entirely, providing an unobstructed look at the very soggy sand.

The rest of the rink was still covered in ice, but as shown by the layer of water on the ice, it was melting rapidly.

If you were wondering where all that paint ends up, the answer is simple: it ends up with the rest of the ice shavings the Zambonis collect.  Normally the snow ends up in a collection tank in the back of the arena, but because the amount of snow was unusually large and patriotic, it ended up on the grass behind the arena.

A few hours later there wasn’t enough ice left for the Zambonis to shave, so the rink was left alone to melt.

The standing water on the surface provided a reflective surface perfect for cool-looking photos that do little to illustrate the ice replacement process.

It wasn’t all appealing: the cracks, which were ugly at the start, became a different sort of ugly as the ice melted, further accentuating the need for the project.

Since the paint freezes when it’s applied, it melts along with the ice and travels with the ice shavings, leaving behind plenty of evidence along its route.

The prevalence of white ice means the work crew also leaves behind plenty of evidence along its route.

If Horatio Caine were around, he’d likely use his suspension-of-disbelief magic to find a tool mark from a murder weapon and the suspect’s reflection in the tread, thereby sealing the case and providing a fine opportunity to dramatically don his trademark sunglasses and utter yet another one-liner.  Fortunately, there was neither a murder to solve nor a painfully melodramatic TV detective to use hilariously improbable (or impossible) methods to solve the murder, so work could continue without unnecessary delay.

At that point, though, there wasn’t much work to continue: after the ice melted, the next step was to let the sand dry out.  Watching sand dry is exactly as fascinating as it sounds, so the next set of photos will be from day 6.

Ice is back, day 1: shave and a haircut

It is an unshakable fact of life that whatever can be built must also be maintained and, on occasion, replaced; since the sheets of ice found in ice arenas are manmade, it stands to reason that they, too, must be maintained and even occasionally replaced.  For the average ice-aware individual, the maintenance and replacement of ice is shrouded in mystery; most people know about the iconic Zamboni ice resurfacing machines, but few know how a sheet of ice is built in the first place, and few get to see the whole ice replacement process from removal to reconstruction.  But by the end of this series, the readers of this blog — and, later, the readers of the Chelsea Standard — no longer will be ignorant of that process: thanks to the crew at Chelsea’s Arctic Coliseum, I have the opportunity to observe and photograph the process from start to finish.  Prepare to be illuminated!

Before I begin with the deconstruction photos, I should mention one important fact that may surprise you: as it is at many local rinks, the ice at Arctic is built on a foundation of sand.  Though that might concern the Biblical scholars among us, it’s not nearly as tenuous as it sounds; in fact, it’s a common method of construction.  You’ll get to see the sand for yourself in future posts, but since this is ice replacement, the whole process starts when there’s still ice in the rink.

You may be wondering: why does the ice need to be replaced?  Is it really that bad?  Well…since they’re spending time and money to replace the ice, the answer is obvious: yes, it is that bad.  The Coliseum’s other rink doesn’t have any serious problems, but this rink had developed large cracks that adversely affected ice quality.

Though the cracks feel smooth on the surface, they’re problematic in at least two ways.  First, they allow sand to work its way up into the ice and, eventually, to the surface, resulting in inferior ice for skaters and dulling the Zamboni blades more quickly; second, as visible above, they also pull the paint out of the ice and reveal the sand beneath the ice, making them uglier than a Matt Millen draft board.  And just as the only way to fix a Millen draft is to replace Millen, the only way to fix cracks in a sheet of ice is to replace the ice.

Naturally, to replace the ice, you must first remove the ice.  The first step is simply to cut the refrigeration and let the room warm up.  What happens when the room warms up?  The ice begins to melt, most visibly at the edge.

But while ice conveniently and predictably melts when it’s not properly refrigerated, it can take a while for that much ice to melt, and it can take even longer for that much water to evaporate.  It doesn’t take long for the edge of the ice — seen at the Zamboni door in the above photo — to look slushy, but the rest of the surface keeps its cool much too well to let it disappear without encouragement.  The good news is that it’s not difficult to encourage an ice surface to disappear.

There’s a misconception that Zambonis do little more than spread water on the ice to fill in its imperfections, but the process is far more complicated than that; in addition to spreading new water on the ice, they also shave off a layer of worn ice and clean the ice before adding a coat of new water.  Those capabilities work together beautifully for resurfacing ice, but when it comes to removing ice, the machine need only channel its inner Norelco and give the ice a close shave.

(In case you were wondering, Arctic Coliseum uses real Zambonis, and not those inferior knockoffs Olympic organizers so foolishly used at the Vancouver Olympics.)

Most of the ice shavings are collected in the snow tank, but some are a bit less cooperative, electing instead to watch the process from a front-row seat near the Zamboni’s blade.

Despite their best efforts, those shavings still end up off the rink.

The remaining ice provides a good reason to appreciate the second and third steps in a Zamboni’s resurfacing process.  Hockey wouldn’t be much fun on ice that had been shaved but not reconditioned:

Though it may not be difficult to remove ice with a Zamboni, it’s certainly time-consuming.  That’s why you’ll still see Zambonis running on day 3.

Speaking of which: come back soon for the day 3 post, in which the ice rink begins to look less like an ice rink!